Convert hemoglobin A1C to estimated average glucose (eAG) in either direction. Type in one field, see the other update instantly.
The formula used here is the ADAG (A1C-Derived Average Glucose) equation, established by Nathan and colleagues in 2008 and adopted by the American Diabetes Association as the standard for translating A1C into an estimated average glucose value:
eAG (mg/dL) = (28.7 × A1C) − 46.7
The mmol/L equivalent is simply mg/dL divided by 18 (rounded). For example, an A1C of 7.0% corresponds to an eAG of 154 mg/dL, or 8.6 mmol/L. The relationship is linear: each 1% increase in A1C corresponds to roughly 29 mg/dL or 1.6 mmol/L of average blood glucose.
A1C and eAG represent the same underlying information — your average blood sugar over the previous 2–3 months — just in different units. A1C is a percentage of glycated hemoglobin in your red blood cells. eAG translates that percentage into the same mg/dL or mmol/L numbers you see on a glucose meter or CGM.
For some people, eAG is easier to interpret because it speaks the same language as daily glucose readings. A1C of 7% sounds abstract; 154 mg/dL is a number you might actually see when you finger-stick.
| Category | A1C | eAG (mg/dL) | eAG (mmol/L) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Below 5.7% | Below 117 | Below 6.5 |
| Prediabetes | 5.7% – 6.4% | 117 – 137 | 6.5 – 7.6 |
| Diabetes | 6.5% and above | 140 and above | 7.8 and above |
| Common diabetes target | Below 7% | Below 154 | Below 8.6 |
Individual targets vary — your healthcare provider may set a different goal depending on your age, other health conditions, and treatment plan.
The A1C-to-eAG relationship works well for most people, but certain conditions can make A1C a less accurate reflection of average glucose:
If you have any of these conditions, talk to your provider about the best way to monitor your blood sugar — a continuous glucose monitor may give you a more accurate picture than A1C alone.